No Marriage of partners in Heaven
Mat 22:23 On the same day a party of Sadducees came to Him, contending that there is no resurrection. And they put this case to Him.
Mat 22:24 "Teacher," they said, "Moses enjoined, 'IF A MAN DIE CHILDLESS, HIS BROTHER SHALL MARRY HIS WIDOW, AND RAISE UP A FAMILY FOR HIM.'
Mat 22:25 Now we had among us seven brothers. The eldest of them married, but died childless, leaving his wife to his brother.
Mat 22:26 So also did the second and the third, down to the seventh,
Mat 22:27 till the woman also died, after surviving them all.
Mat 22:28 At the Resurrection, therefore, whose wife of the seven will she be? for they all married her."
Mat 22:29 The reply of Jesus was, "You are in error, through ignorance of the Scriptures and of the power of God.
Mat 22:30 For in the Resurrection, men neither marry nor are women given in marriage, but they are like angels in Heaven.
Mat 22:31 But as to the Resurrection of the dead, have you never read what God says to you,
Mat 22:32 'I AM THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, THE GOD OF ISAAC, AND THE GOD OF JACOB'? He is not the God of dead, but of living men."
Mat 22:33 All the crowd heard this, and were filled with amazement at His teaching.
Introduction
Jesus has just aptly and succinctly answered the Disciples of the Pharisees and the Herodians concerning paying Taxes to the Roman Occupying Government when He said, “Give to Caesar that which is Caesar's and to God that which is God’s”. The Crowd heard this and were astonished at His Teaching. Now we see the other party of Judaism contending with Him, as if to say, You Pharisees could not trap Him now see what we can do.
Mat 22:23 On the same day a party of Sadducees came to Him, contending that there is no resurrection. And they put this case to Him.
Notes
On the same day a party of Sadducees came to Him,
The Sadducees:
The origin of this Jewish sect cannot definitely be traced. It was probably the outcome of the influence of Grecian customs and philosophy during the period of Greek domination.
The first time they are met with is in connection with John the Baptist's ministry. They came out to him when on the banks of the Jordan, and he said to them, “O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?” (Mat_3:7.) The next time they are spoken of they are represented as coming to our Lord tempting him. He calls them “hypocrites” and “a wicked and adulterous generation” (Mat_16:1-4; Mat_22:23). The only reference to them in the Gospels of Mark (Mar_12:18-27) and Luke (Luk_20:27-38) is their attempting to ridicule the doctrine of the resurrection, which they denied, as they also denied the existence of angels.
They are never mentioned in John's Gospel.
There were many Sadducees among the “elders” of the Sanhedrin. They seem, indeed, to have been as numerous as the Pharisees (Act_23:6).
They showed their hatred of Jesus in taking part in his condemnation (Mat_16:21; Mat_26:1-3, Mat_26:59; Mar_8:31; Mar_15:1; Luk_9:22; Luk_22:66).
They endeavoured to prohibit the apostles from preaching the resurrection of Christ (Act_2:24, Act_2:31, Act_2:32; Act_4:1, Act_4:2; Act_5:17, Act_5:24-28). They were the deists or skeptics of that age. They do not appear as a separate sect after the destruction of Jerusalem. Eaton’s Bible Dictionary
Mat 22:24 "Teacher," they said, "Moses enjoined, 'IF A MAN DIE CHILDLESS, HIS BROTHER SHALL MARRY HIS WIDOW, AND RAISE UP A FAMILY FOR HIM.'
Notes
Teacher," they said,They seem to show some respect in addressing Jesus as
Teacher. G1320 διδάσκαλος didaskalos
Thayer Definition: 1) a teacher
2) in the NT one who teaches concerning the things of God, and the duties of man
1a) one who is fitted to teach, or thinks himself so
1b) the teachers of the Jewish religion
1c) of those who by their great power as teachers draw crowds around them, i.e. John the Baptist, Jesus
1d) by preeminence used of Jesus by himself, as one who showed men the way of salvation
1e) of the apostles, and of Paul
1f) of those who in the religious assemblies of the Christians, undertook the work of teaching, with the special assistance of the Holy Spirit
1g) of false teachers among Christians
Strongs a teacher, an instructor acknowledged for their mastery in their field of learning; in Scripture, a Bible teacher, competent in theology. See 1319 (didaskalia).
"Moses enjoined, 'IF A MAN DIE CHILDLESS, HIS BROTHER SHALL MARRY HIS WIDOW, AND RAISE UP A FAMILY FOR HIM.'
This was known as a Levirite Marriage
This law is mentioned Deu_25:5. The meaning of the expression is, that the children produced by this marriage should be reckoned in the genealogy of the deceased brother, and enjoy his estates. The word seed should be always translated children or posterity.A.C.
Mat 22:25 Now we had among us seven brothers. The eldest of them married, but died childless, leaving his wife to his brother.
Notes
There were with us seven brethren - It is probable that they stated a case as difficult as possible; and though no such case might have occurred, yet it was supposable, and in their view it presented a real difficulty.
The difficulty arose from the fact, that they supposed that, substantially, the same state of things must take place in the other world as here; that if there is such a world, husbands and wives must be there reunited; and they professed not to be able to see how one woman could be the wife of seven men.
Mat 22:26 So also did the second and the third, down to the seventh,
Mat 22:27 till the woman also died, after surviving them all.
Mat 22:28 At the Resurrection, therefore, whose wife of the seven will she be? for they all married her."
Mat 22:29 The reply of Jesus was, "You are in error, through ignorance of the Scriptures and of the power of God.
Notes
Ye do err, not knowing ... - They had taken a wrong view of the doctrine of the resurrection.
It was not taught that people would marry there. The “Scriptures,” here, mean the books of the Old Testament. By appealing to them, Jesus showed that the doctrine of the future state was there, and that the Sadducees should have believed it as it was, and not have added the absurd doctrine to it that people must live there as they do here.
The way in which the enemies of the truth often attempt to make a doctrine of the Bible ridiculous is by adding to it, and then calling it absurd. The reason why the Saviour produced a passage from the books of Moses Mat_22:32 was that they had also appealed to his writings, Mat_22:24. Other places of the Old Testament, in fact, asserted the doctrine more clearly Dan_12:2; Isa_26:19, but he wished to meet them on their own ground. None of those scriptures asserted that people would live there as they do here, and therefore their reasoning was false.
Nor the power of God - They probably denied, as many have done since, that God could gather the scattered dust of the dead and remould it into a body. On this ground they affirmed that the doctrine could not be true - opposing reason to revelation, and supposing that infinite power could not reorganize a body that it had at first organized, and raise a body from its own dust which it had at first raised from nothing. Barnes
Mat 22:30 For in the Resurrection, men neither marry nor are women given in marriage, but they are like angels in Heaven.
Notes
Are as the angels of God. The physical relations of earthly marriage do not belong to spiritual beings. The saints when raised are like the angels. This does not deny personal intercourse or spiritual relationships, but the existence of fleshly ties.
In accordance with this statement of Jesus how could the Sons of God in Genesis 6: 2,4 be spirit beings when angels and spirits do not have flesh and blood bodies.
Gen_6:2 the sons of God saw the daughters of men, that they were good. And they took wives for themselves from all whom they chose.
Gen_6:4 There were giants in the earth in those days. And also after that, when the sons of God came in to the daughters of men, and they bore to them, they were mighty men who existed of old, men of renown.
It seems more likely that the sons of God here were the line of Seth not the line of Cane
Mat 22:31 But as to the Resurrection of the dead, have you never read what God says to you,
Mat 22:32 'I AM THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, THE GOD OF ISAAC, AND THE GOD OF JACOB'? He is not the God of dead, but of living men."
Notes
John Gill says, “And which the learned Mr. Mede takes to be the sense of the words of this text, cited by our Lord;, and this the force of his reasoning, by which he proves the resurrection of the dead. Again,
``the Sadducees asked Rabban Gamaliel, from whence does it appear that the holy blessed God will quicken the dead? He said unto them, out of the law, and out of the prophets, and out of the Hagiographa; but they did not receive of him (or regard him): out of the law, as it is written, "Thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, and rise up", ( Deuteronomy 31:16 ) And there are that say from this Scripture, ( Deuteronomy 4:4 ) . "But ye that did cleave unto the Lord your God, are alive every one of you this day": as this day all of you stand, so in the world to come, all of you shall stand.''
Thus our Lord having to do with the same sort of persons, fetches his proof of the doctrine of the resurrection out of theO.T. Law, and from a passage which respects the covenant relation God stands in to his people, particularly Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; and which respects not their souls only, but their bodies also, even their whole persons, body and soul; for God is the God of the whole: and therefore as their souls now live with God, their bodies also will be raised from the dead, that they, with their souls, may enjoy everlasting glory and happiness; which is the grand promise, and great blessing of the covenant of grace. God is not the God of the dead, but of the living;
as all the saints are; for though their bodies are dead, their souls are alive, and their bodies will be raised in consequence of their covenant interest in God, to enjoy an immortal life with him: so the Jews are wont to say, that the righteous, even in their death, are called living F11:
``from whence is it proved, (say they,) that the righteous, even in their death, (Myyx Nyywrq) , "are called living?"''
Mat 22:33 All the crowd heard this, and were filled with amazement at His teaching.
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